Actor(s): APT41
A Microsoft SQL Server backdoor
rule win_skip20_auto { meta: author = "Felix Bilstein - yara-signator at cocacoding dot com" date = "2026-01-05" version = "1" description = "Detects win.skip20." info = "autogenerated rule brought to you by yara-signator" tool = "yara-signator v0.6.0" signator_config = "callsandjumps;datarefs;binvalue" malpedia_reference = "https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/win.skip20" malpedia_rule_date = "20260105" malpedia_hash = "19b79e7cab4eaf532122e5b45a77dd8f6bb5cc79" malpedia_version = "20251219" malpedia_license = "CC BY-SA 4.0" malpedia_sharing = "TLP:WHITE" /* DISCLAIMER * The strings used in this rule have been automatically selected from the * disassembly of memory dumps and unpacked files, using YARA-Signator. * The code and documentation is published here: * https://github.com/fxb-cocacoding/yara-signator * As Malpedia is used as data source, please note that for a given * number of families, only single samples are documented. * This likely impacts the degree of generalization these rules will offer. * Take the described generation method also into consideration when you * apply the rules in your use cases and assign them confidence levels. */ strings: $sequence_0 = { 0fb74114 8b540824 4803d3 8b7c0820 4885d2 0f840b1d0000 } // n = 6, score = 200 // 0fb74114 | arpl word ptr [eax], cx // 8b540824 | dec eax // 4803d3 | mov dword ptr [esi + 8], ecx // 8b7c0820 | add dword ptr [ecx + 0x18], -2 // 4885d2 | js 0x1d66 // 0f840b1d0000 | dec eax $sequence_1 = { 488d0c40 4c8d0584fe0100 4d8b04c8 488bd7 } // n = 4, score = 200 // 488d0c40 | mov eax, 0x10 // 4c8d0584fe0100 | dec eax // 4d8b04c8 | movsx ecx, byte ptr [eax] // 488bd7 | dec eax $sequence_2 = { 894c2430 89542428 488d15fd2c0100 e9???????? 4c896c2450 66c744245cff25 } // n = 6, score = 200 // 894c2430 | dec eax // 89542428 | mov edi, ecx // 488d15fd2c0100 | dec eax // e9???????? | // 4c896c2450 | sub esp, 0x20 // 66c744245cff25 | dec eax $sequence_3 = { 488d0db5220100 e8???????? eb4a 4c896c2450 440fb74c2472 440fb7442470 } // n = 6, score = 200 // 488d0db5220100 | sub ecx, 4 // e8???????? | // eb4a | cmp ecx, -4 // 4c896c2450 | jne 0xe17 // 440fb74c2472 | inc esp // 440fb7442470 | mov ebx, dword ptr [ebx] $sequence_4 = { 4c8d254c540100 488b0d???????? bf01000000 897c2460 } // n = 4, score = 200 // 4c8d254c540100 | dec eax // 488b0d???????? | // bf01000000 | mov dword ptr [esp + 0x4240], ebp // 897c2460 | dec eax $sequence_5 = { 8bd6 81e200004000 747e 41ff4c2418 781e } // n = 5, score = 200 // 8bd6 | mov dword ptr [ecx + 0x10], eax // 81e200004000 | dec eax // 747e | mov dword ptr [ecx + 0x18], eax // 41ff4c2418 | dec eax // 781e | inc edx $sequence_6 = { ffc9 7432 ffc9 0f85150a0000 814e0400000002 4180e304 } // n = 6, score = 200 // ffc9 | jne 0x1af3 // 7432 | dec esp // ffc9 | mov dword ptr [esp + 0x60], esp // 0f85150a0000 | dec esp // 814e0400000002 | mov dword ptr [esp + 0x20], esi // 4180e304 | xor ebx, ebx $sequence_7 = { e8???????? 0fb64732 ffc3 3bd8 72dd 4c21aea0000000 0fb74f18 } // n = 7, score = 200 // e8???????? | // 0fb64732 | je 0x2df // ffc3 | cmp edx, 3 // 3bd8 | je 0x2df // 72dd | cmp edx, 6 // 4c21aea0000000 | dec eax // 0fb74f18 | mov dword ptr [esi + 8], ecx $sequence_8 = { 7418 0fbae119 730a f68424b800000008 7508 41be01000000 } // n = 6, score = 200 // 7418 | jmp 0x1eeb // 0fbae119 | or dword ptr [esi + 4], 0x2000000 // 730a | inc ecx // f68424b800000008 | test bl, 1 // 7508 | je 0x1f11 // 41be01000000 | or dword ptr [esi + 4], 0x2000000 $sequence_9 = { 0fb744247c 89442438 0fb74c247a 894c2430 0fb7542478 89542428 488d15652f0100 } // n = 7, score = 200 // 0fb744247c | inc ecx // 89442438 | lea eax, [esi - 0x14] // 0fb74c247a | dec eax // 894c2430 | mov ebp, ecx // 0fb7542478 | dec esp // 89542428 | lea ebp, [0xffff9fd8] // 488d15652f0100 | dec ebp condition: 7 of them and filesize < 794624 }
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