SYMBOLCOMMON_NAMEaka. SYNONYMS
win.medusa (Back to overview)

Medusa

VTCollection    

According to Unit 42, Medusa surfaced as a ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) platform in late 2022 and gained notoriety in early 2023, primarily targeting Windows environments. Medusa should not be confused with a similarly named RaaS, MedusaLocker, which has been available since 2019.

References
2026-02-24SymantecThreat Hunter Team
North Korean Lazarus Group Now Working With Medusa Ransomware
ComeBacker Medusa
2025-10-06MicrosoftMicrosoft Threat Intelligence
Investigating active exploitation of CVE-2025-10035 GoAnywhere Managed File Transfer vulnerability
Medusa Storm-1175
2025-03-12CISACISA, FBI, MS-ISAC
Medusa Ransomware
Medusa
2024-09-18loginsoftT B L N Shashank Mannar
Medusa Ransomware: Evolving Tactics in Modern Cyber Extortion
Medusa
2024-01-11Palo Alto Networks Unit 42Anthony Galiette, Doel Santos
Medusa Ransomware Turning Your Files into Stone
Medusa
2023-04-19Bleeping ComputerBill Toulas
March 2023 broke ransomware attack records with 459 incidents
Clop WhiteRabbit BianLian Black Basta BlackCat LockBit Medusa PLAY Royal Ransom
Yara Rules
[TLP:WHITE] win_medusa_auto (20260504 | Detects win.medusa.)
rule win_medusa_auto {

    meta:
        author = "Felix Bilstein - yara-signator at cocacoding dot com"
        date = "2026-05-04"
        version = "1"
        description = "Detects win.medusa."
        info = "autogenerated rule brought to you by yara-signator"
        tool = "yara-signator v0.6.0"
        signator_config = "callsandjumps;datarefs;binvalue"
        malpedia_reference = "https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/win.medusa"
        malpedia_rule_date = "20260422"
        malpedia_hash = "a182e35da64e6d71cb55f125c4d4225196523f14"
        malpedia_version = "20260504"
        malpedia_license = "CC BY-SA 4.0"
        malpedia_sharing = "TLP:WHITE"

    /* DISCLAIMER
     * The strings used in this rule have been automatically selected from the
     * disassembly of memory dumps and unpacked files, using YARA-Signator.
     * The code and documentation is published here:
     * https://github.com/fxb-cocacoding/yara-signator
     * As Malpedia is used as data source, please note that for a given
     * number of families, only single samples are documented.
     * This likely impacts the degree of generalization these rules will offer.
     * Take the described generation method also into consideration when you
     * apply the rules in your use cases and assign them confidence levels.
     */


    strings:
        $sequence_0 = { 8d8d68fdffff e8???????? 80bdb7fdffff00 743b 8b5704 83fa01 0f860effffff }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   8d8d68fdffff         | lea                 ecx, [ebp - 0x298]
            //   e8????????           |                     
            //   80bdb7fdffff00       | cmp                 byte ptr [ebp - 0x249], 0
            //   743b                 | je                  0x3d
            //   8b5704               | mov                 edx, dword ptr [edi + 4]
            //   83fa01               | cmp                 edx, 1
            //   0f860effffff         | jbe                 0xffffff14

        $sequence_1 = { 40 83f83c 72f3 56 57 8d8528ffffff 68???????? }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   40                   | inc                 eax
            //   83f83c               | cmp                 eax, 0x3c
            //   72f3                 | jb                  0xfffffff5
            //   56                   | push                esi
            //   57                   | push                edi
            //   8d8528ffffff         | lea                 eax, [ebp - 0xd8]
            //   68????????           |                     

        $sequence_2 = { c745e000000000 c745e400000000 6a00 c745fc00000000 8b35???????? 6a00 ffd6 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   c745e000000000       | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 0x20], 0
            //   c745e400000000       | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 0x1c], 0
            //   6a00                 | push                0
            //   c745fc00000000       | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 4], 0
            //   8b35????????         |                     
            //   6a00                 | push                0
            //   ffd6                 | call                esi

        $sequence_3 = { 66f3ab 33c0 6689045a 8b45d0 8955d4 8b55cc c745fc00000000 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   66f3ab               | rep stosd           dword ptr es:[edi], eax
            //   33c0                 | xor                 eax, eax
            //   6689045a             | mov                 word ptr [edx + ebx*2], ax
            //   8b45d0               | mov                 eax, dword ptr [ebp - 0x30]
            //   8955d4               | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 0x2c], edx
            //   8b55cc               | mov                 edx, dword ptr [ebp - 0x34]
            //   c745fc00000000       | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 4], 0

        $sequence_4 = { 8d4f01 81f900100000 7236 8d4123 3bc1 0f8612010000 eb0a }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   8d4f01               | lea                 ecx, [edi + 1]
            //   81f900100000         | cmp                 ecx, 0x1000
            //   7236                 | jb                  0x38
            //   8d4123               | lea                 eax, [ecx + 0x23]
            //   3bc1                 | cmp                 eax, ecx
            //   0f8612010000         | jbe                 0x118
            //   eb0a                 | jmp                 0xc

        $sequence_5 = { c70600000000 83c604 8941fc 3bf2 75eb 8b33 85f6 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   c70600000000         | mov                 dword ptr [esi], 0
            //   83c604               | add                 esi, 4
            //   8941fc               | mov                 dword ptr [ecx - 4], eax
            //   3bf2                 | cmp                 esi, edx
            //   75eb                 | jne                 0xffffffed
            //   8b33                 | mov                 esi, dword ptr [ebx]
            //   85f6                 | test                esi, esi

        $sequence_6 = { 83ec18 a1???????? 33c5 8945fc 64a12c000000 c745f86c696d2e 8b08 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   83ec18               | sub                 esp, 0x18
            //   a1????????           |                     
            //   33c5                 | xor                 eax, ebp
            //   8945fc               | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 4], eax
            //   64a12c000000         | mov                 eax, dword ptr fs:[0x2c]
            //   c745f86c696d2e       | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 8], 0x2e6d696c
            //   8b08                 | mov                 ecx, dword ptr [eax]

        $sequence_7 = { 8be5 5d c3 50 e8???????? ba03000000 8d4db0 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   8be5                 | mov                 esp, ebp
            //   5d                   | pop                 ebp
            //   c3                   | ret                 
            //   50                   | push                eax
            //   e8????????           |                     
            //   ba03000000           | mov                 edx, 3
            //   8d4db0               | lea                 ecx, [ebp - 0x50]

        $sequence_8 = { 8b7de4 803d????????00 7512 83fe08 8d4dcc 0f434dcc }
            // n = 6, score = 100
            //   8b7de4               | mov                 edi, dword ptr [ebp - 0x1c]
            //   803d????????00       |                     
            //   7512                 | jne                 0x14
            //   83fe08               | cmp                 esi, 8
            //   8d4dcc               | lea                 ecx, [ebp - 0x34]
            //   0f434dcc             | cmovae              ecx, dword ptr [ebp - 0x34]

        $sequence_9 = { 8bc1 83fa08 7202 8b01 668378045c 7432 b803000000 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   8bc1                 | mov                 eax, ecx
            //   83fa08               | cmp                 edx, 8
            //   7202                 | jb                  4
            //   8b01                 | mov                 eax, dword ptr [ecx]
            //   668378045c           | cmp                 word ptr [eax + 4], 0x5c
            //   7432                 | je                  0x34
            //   b803000000           | mov                 eax, 3

    condition:
        7 of them and filesize < 1386496
}
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