SYMBOLCOMMON_NAMEaka. SYNONYMS
win.medusa (Back to overview)

Medusa

VTCollection    

According to Unit 42, Medusa surfaced as a ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) platform in late 2022 and gained notoriety in early 2023, primarily targeting Windows environments. Medusa should not be confused with a similarly named RaaS, MedusaLocker, which has been available since 2019.

References
2026-02-24 ⋅ Symantec ⋅ Threat Hunter Team
North Korean Lazarus Group Now Working With Medusa Ransomware
ComeBacker Medusa
2025-10-06 ⋅ Microsoft ⋅ Microsoft Threat Intelligence
Investigating active exploitation of CVE-2025-10035 GoAnywhere Managed File Transfer vulnerability
Medusa Storm-1175
2025-03-12 ⋅ CISA ⋅ CISA, FBI, MS-ISAC
Medusa Ransomware
Medusa
2024-09-18 ⋅ loginsoft ⋅ T B L N Shashank Mannar
Medusa Ransomware: Evolving Tactics in Modern Cyber Extortion
Medusa
2024-01-11 ⋅ Palo Alto Networks Unit 42 ⋅ Anthony Galiette, Doel Santos
Medusa Ransomware Turning Your Files into Stone
Medusa
2023-04-19 ⋅ Bleeping Computer ⋅ Bill Toulas
March 2023 broke ransomware attack records with 459 incidents
Clop WhiteRabbit BianLian Black Basta BlackCat LockBit Medusa PLAY Royal Ransom
Yara Rules
[TLP:WHITE] win_medusa_auto (20260917 | Detects win.medusa.)
rule win_medusa_auto {

    meta:
        author = "Felix Bilstein - yara-signator at cocacoding dot com"
        date = "2026-09-17"
        version = "1"
        description = "Detects win.medusa."
        info = "autogenerated rule brought to you by yara-signator"
        tool = "yara-signator v0.6.0"
        signator_config = "callsandjumps;datarefs;binvalue"
        malpedia_reference = "https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/win.medusa"
        malpedia_rule_date = "20260916"
        malpedia_hash = "53a643781c18e08f4a50949af60172d837a0b6f6"
        malpedia_version = "20260917"
        malpedia_license = "CC BY-SA 4.0"
        malpedia_sharing = "TLP:WHITE"

    /* DISCLAIMER
     * The strings used in this rule have been automatically selected from the
     * disassembly of memory dumps and unpacked files, using YARA-Signator.
     * The code and documentation is published here:
     * https://github.com/fxb-cocacoding/yara-signator
     * As Malpedia is used as data source, please note that for a given
     * number of families, only single samples are documented.
     * This likely impacts the degree of generalization these rules will offer.
     * Take the described generation method also into consideration when you
     * apply the rules in your use cases and assign them confidence levels.
     */


    strings:
        $sequence_0 = { 83c408 8bcf e8???????? 84c0 741f 8d45cc }
            // n = 6, score = 100
            //   83c408               | add                 esp, 8
            //   8bcf                 | mov                 ecx, edi
            //   e8????????           |                     
            //   84c0                 | test                al, al
            //   741f                 | je                  0x21
            //   8d45cc               | lea                 eax, [ebp - 0x34]

        $sequence_1 = { a1???????? c745f4494b677d 3b8104000000 7e48 68???????? e8???????? 83c404 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   a1????????           |                     
            //   c745f4494b677d       | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 0xc], 0x7d674b49
            //   3b8104000000         | cmp                 eax, dword ptr [ecx + 4]
            //   7e48                 | jle                 0x4a
            //   68????????           |                     
            //   e8????????           |                     
            //   83c404               | add                 esp, 4

        $sequence_2 = { 8d45f4 64a300000000 8bf1 8b5d08 8d7e14 57 e8???????? }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   8d45f4               | lea                 eax, [ebp - 0xc]
            //   64a300000000         | mov                 dword ptr fs:[0], eax
            //   8bf1                 | mov                 esi, ecx
            //   8b5d08               | mov                 ebx, dword ptr [ebp + 8]
            //   8d7e14               | lea                 edi, [esi + 0x14]
            //   57                   | push                edi
            //   e8????????           |                     

        $sequence_3 = { e8???????? 56 ffb528dbffff 8d8558dbffff 6a01 50 e8???????? }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   e8????????           |                     
            //   56                   | push                esi
            //   ffb528dbffff         | push                dword ptr [ebp - 0x24d8]
            //   8d8558dbffff         | lea                 eax, [ebp - 0x24a8]
            //   6a01                 | push                1
            //   50                   | push                eax
            //   e8????????           |                     

        $sequence_4 = { 80f90a 7504 880e eb11 c6060d 8b0495a86c4900 884c382a }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   80f90a               | cmp                 cl, 0xa
            //   7504                 | jne                 6
            //   880e                 | mov                 byte ptr [esi], cl
            //   eb11                 | jmp                 0x13
            //   c6060d               | mov                 byte ptr [esi], 0xd
            //   8b0495a86c4900       | mov                 eax, dword ptr [edx*4 + 0x496ca8]
            //   884c382a             | mov                 byte ptr [eax + edi + 0x2a], cl

        $sequence_5 = { eb15 85c0 7504 85c9 740d 8a8044984700 8806 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   eb15                 | jmp                 0x17
            //   85c0                 | test                eax, eax
            //   7504                 | jne                 6
            //   85c9                 | test                ecx, ecx
            //   740d                 | je                  0xf
            //   8a8044984700         | mov                 al, byte ptr [eax + 0x479844]
            //   8806                 | mov                 byte ptr [esi], al

        $sequence_6 = { eb18 8bbd7cfcffff 8bb578fcffff ebb3 8938 897004 894704 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   eb18                 | jmp                 0x1a
            //   8bbd7cfcffff         | mov                 edi, dword ptr [ebp - 0x384]
            //   8bb578fcffff         | mov                 esi, dword ptr [ebp - 0x388]
            //   ebb3                 | jmp                 0xffffffb5
            //   8938                 | mov                 dword ptr [eax], edi
            //   897004               | mov                 dword ptr [eax + 4], esi
            //   894704               | mov                 dword ptr [edi + 4], eax

        $sequence_7 = { bf01000000 8b4d1c beff030000 390b 0f8419010000 8b5508 0fb708 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   bf01000000           | mov                 edi, 1
            //   8b4d1c               | mov                 ecx, dword ptr [ebp + 0x1c]
            //   beff030000           | mov                 esi, 0x3ff
            //   390b                 | cmp                 dword ptr [ebx], ecx
            //   0f8419010000         | je                  0x11f
            //   8b5508               | mov                 edx, dword ptr [ebp + 8]
            //   0fb708               | movzx               ecx, word ptr [eax]

        $sequence_8 = { 64a100000000 50 51 53 81ecc8040000 a1???????? 33c5 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   64a100000000         | mov                 eax, dword ptr fs:[0]
            //   50                   | push                eax
            //   51                   | push                ecx
            //   53                   | push                ebx
            //   81ecc8040000         | sub                 esp, 0x4c8
            //   a1????????           |                     
            //   33c5                 | xor                 eax, ebp

        $sequence_9 = { 895dfc 33f6 c745f800000000 c7451800000000 eb4e 8bc1 81f9f0000000 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   895dfc               | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 4], ebx
            //   33f6                 | xor                 esi, esi
            //   c745f800000000       | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 8], 0
            //   c7451800000000       | mov                 dword ptr [ebp + 0x18], 0
            //   eb4e                 | jmp                 0x50
            //   8bc1                 | mov                 eax, ecx
            //   81f9f0000000         | cmp                 ecx, 0xf0

    condition:
        7 of them and filesize < 1386496
}
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