SYMBOLCOMMON_NAMEaka. SYNONYMS
win.bandook (Back to overview)

Bandook

aka: Bandok

Actor(s): Dark Caracal


Bandook malware is a remote access trojan (RAT) first seen in 2007 and has been active for several years. Written in both Delphi and C++, it was first seen as a commercial RAT developed by a Lebanese creator named PrinceAli. Over the years, several variants of Bandook were leaked online, and the malware became available for public download.

References
2023-02-10Electronic Frontier FoundationCooper Quintin
@online{quintin:20230210:uncle:8c22271, author = {Cooper Quintin}, title = {{Uncle Sow: Dark Caracal in Latin America}}, date = {2023-02-10}, organization = {Electronic Frontier Foundation}, url = {https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2023/02/uncle-sow-dark-caracal-latin-america}, language = {English}, urldate = {2023-02-21} } Uncle Sow: Dark Caracal in Latin America
Bandook
2021-07-19ProofpointJoe Wise, Konstantin Klinger, Selena Larson, Proofpoint Threat Research Team
@online{wise:20210719:new:cb02a85, author = {Joe Wise and Konstantin Klinger and Selena Larson and Proofpoint Threat Research Team}, title = {{New Threat Actor Uses Spanish Language Lures to Distribute Seldom Observed Bandook Malware}}, date = {2021-07-19}, organization = {Proofpoint}, url = {https://www.proofpoint.com/us/blog/threat-insight/new-threat-actor-uses-spanish-language-lures-distribute-seldom-observed-bandook}, language = {English}, urldate = {2021-07-26} } New Threat Actor Uses Spanish Language Lures to Distribute Seldom Observed Bandook Malware
Bandook
2021-07-07ESET ResearchFernando Tavella, Matías Porolli
@online{tavella:20210707:bandidos:f734d08, author = {Fernando Tavella and Matías Porolli}, title = {{Bandidos at large: A spying campaign in Latin America}}, date = {2021-07-07}, organization = {ESET Research}, url = {https://www.welivesecurity.com/2021/07/07/bandidos-at-large-spying-campaign-latin-america/}, language = {English}, urldate = {2021-07-09} } Bandidos at large: A spying campaign in Latin America
Bandook
2020-12-10Electronic Frontier FoundationCooper Quintin, Eva Galperin
@online{quintin:20201210:dark:8ea58ac, author = {Cooper Quintin and Eva Galperin}, title = {{Dark Caracal: You Missed a Spot}}, date = {2020-12-10}, organization = {Electronic Frontier Foundation}, url = {https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/12/dark-caracal-you-missed-spot}, language = {English}, urldate = {2020-12-11} } Dark Caracal: You Missed a Spot
Bandook
2020-11-26CheckpointCheck Point Research
@online{research:20201126:bandook:7796023, author = {Check Point Research}, title = {{Bandook: Signed & Delivered}}, date = {2020-11-26}, organization = {Checkpoint}, url = {https://research.checkpoint.com/2020/bandook-signed-delivered/}, language = {English}, urldate = {2020-12-01} } Bandook: Signed & Delivered
Bandook
2020-11-26Check PointCheckpoint Research
@online{research:20201126:bandook:c06ea4b, author = {Checkpoint Research}, title = {{Bandook: Signed & Delivered}}, date = {2020-11-26}, organization = {Check Point}, url = {https://research.checkpoint.com/2020/bandook-signed-delivered}, language = {English}, urldate = {2022-07-13} } Bandook: Signed & Delivered
Bandook Dark Caracal
2018-01-18LookoutAndrew Blaich, Apurva Kumar, Jeremy Richards, Michael Flossman, Cooper Quintin, Eva Galperin
@techreport{blaich:20180118:dark:31c31f6, author = {Andrew Blaich and Apurva Kumar and Jeremy Richards and Michael Flossman and Cooper Quintin and Eva Galperin}, title = {{Dark Caracal: Cyber-espionage at a Global Scal}}, date = {2018-01-18}, institution = {Lookout}, url = {https://info.lookout.com/rs/051-ESQ-475/images/Lookout_Dark-Caracal_srr_20180118_us_v.1.0.pdf}, language = {English}, urldate = {2020-06-08} } Dark Caracal: Cyber-espionage at a Global Scal
CrossRAT Bandook Dark Caracal
2016-08Electronic Frontier FoundationEva Galperin, Cooper Quintin, Morgan Marquis-Boire, Claudio Guarnieri
@techreport{galperin:201608:operation:38ba7ff, author = {Eva Galperin and Cooper Quintin and Morgan Marquis-Boire and Claudio Guarnieri}, title = {{Operation Manul}}, date = {2016-08}, institution = {Electronic Frontier Foundation}, url = {https://www.eff.org/files/2018/01/29/operation-manul.pdf}, language = {English}, urldate = {2020-06-08} } Operation Manul
jRAT Bandook
Yara Rules
[TLP:WHITE] win_bandook_auto (20230715 | Detects win.bandook.)
rule win_bandook_auto {

    meta:
        author = "Felix Bilstein - yara-signator at cocacoding dot com"
        date = "2023-07-11"
        version = "1"
        description = "Detects win.bandook."
        info = "autogenerated rule brought to you by yara-signator"
        tool = "yara-signator v0.6.0"
        signator_config = "callsandjumps;datarefs;binvalue"
        malpedia_reference = "https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/win.bandook"
        malpedia_rule_date = "20230705"
        malpedia_hash = "42d0574f4405bd7d2b154d321d345acb18834a41"
        malpedia_version = "20230715"
        malpedia_license = "CC BY-SA 4.0"
        malpedia_sharing = "TLP:WHITE"

    /* DISCLAIMER
     * The strings used in this rule have been automatically selected from the
     * disassembly of memory dumps and unpacked files, using YARA-Signator.
     * The code and documentation is published here:
     * https://github.com/fxb-cocacoding/yara-signator
     * As Malpedia is used as data source, please note that for a given
     * number of families, only single samples are documented.
     * This likely impacts the degree of generalization these rules will offer.
     * Take the described generation method also into consideration when you
     * apply the rules in your use cases and assign them confidence levels.
     */


    strings:
        $sequence_0 = { 6a00 50 56 ff15???????? 85c0 7527 8d8df0fdffff }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   6a00                 | push                0
            //   50                   | push                eax
            //   56                   | push                esi
            //   ff15????????         |                     
            //   85c0                 | test                eax, eax
            //   7527                 | jne                 0x29
            //   8d8df0fdffff         | lea                 ecx, [ebp - 0x210]

        $sequence_1 = { 803d????????00 7457 84c0 7505 e8???????? 803d????????00 7445 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   803d????????00       |                     
            //   7457                 | je                  0x59
            //   84c0                 | test                al, al
            //   7505                 | jne                 7
            //   e8????????           |                     
            //   803d????????00       |                     
            //   7445                 | je                  0x47

        $sequence_2 = { 68???????? 6a00 6a00 ff95ccbeffff 69cb18040000 8b9d94beffff a3???????? }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   68????????           |                     
            //   6a00                 | push                0
            //   6a00                 | push                0
            //   ff95ccbeffff         | call                dword ptr [ebp - 0x4134]
            //   69cb18040000         | imul                ecx, ebx, 0x418
            //   8b9d94beffff         | mov                 ebx, dword ptr [ebp - 0x416c]
            //   a3????????           |                     

        $sequence_3 = { 75f8 8bca 8d85f4edffff c1e902 f3a5 50 8d85f8edffff }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   75f8                 | jne                 0xfffffffa
            //   8bca                 | mov                 ecx, edx
            //   8d85f4edffff         | lea                 eax, [ebp - 0x120c]
            //   c1e902               | shr                 ecx, 2
            //   f3a5                 | rep movsd           dword ptr es:[edi], dword ptr [esi]
            //   50                   | push                eax
            //   8d85f8edffff         | lea                 eax, [ebp - 0x1208]

        $sequence_4 = { 50 ff15???????? 8bf0 83feff 7410 6a00 }
            // n = 6, score = 100
            //   50                   | push                eax
            //   ff15????????         |                     
            //   8bf0                 | mov                 esi, eax
            //   83feff               | cmp                 esi, -1
            //   7410                 | je                  0x12
            //   6a00                 | push                0

        $sequence_5 = { 0f84e2000000 8b3c8d5cf81c13 85ff 0f849d000000 83ff01 0f84ca000000 85db }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   0f84e2000000         | je                  0xe8
            //   8b3c8d5cf81c13       | mov                 edi, dword ptr [ecx*4 + 0x131cf85c]
            //   85ff                 | test                edi, edi
            //   0f849d000000         | je                  0xa3
            //   83ff01               | cmp                 edi, 1
            //   0f84ca000000         | je                  0xd0
            //   85db                 | test                ebx, ebx

        $sequence_6 = { 8d8424c0050000 6a00 6a00 6a02 6a00 6a00 6800000040 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   8d8424c0050000       | lea                 eax, [esp + 0x5c0]
            //   6a00                 | push                0
            //   6a00                 | push                0
            //   6a02                 | push                2
            //   6a00                 | push                0
            //   6a00                 | push                0
            //   6800000040           | push                0x40000000

        $sequence_7 = { 8bfd 8b4b60 57 ff74241c 8b01 ff742418 ff501c }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   8bfd                 | mov                 edi, ebp
            //   8b4b60               | mov                 ecx, dword ptr [ebx + 0x60]
            //   57                   | push                edi
            //   ff74241c             | push                dword ptr [esp + 0x1c]
            //   8b01                 | mov                 eax, dword ptr [ecx]
            //   ff742418             | push                dword ptr [esp + 0x18]
            //   ff501c               | call                dword ptr [eax + 0x1c]

        $sequence_8 = { 8b5d08 49 8945f8 8b45f0 894df4 8b048508d91e13 c644022c0a }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   8b5d08               | mov                 ebx, dword ptr [ebp + 8]
            //   49                   | dec                 ecx
            //   8945f8               | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 8], eax
            //   8b45f0               | mov                 eax, dword ptr [ebp - 0x10]
            //   894df4               | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 0xc], ecx
            //   8b048508d91e13       | mov                 eax, dword ptr [eax*4 + 0x131ed908]
            //   c644022c0a           | mov                 byte ptr [edx + eax + 0x2c], 0xa

        $sequence_9 = { 56 8b7508 57 752c ff35???????? 8b1e 8d4598 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   56                   | push                esi
            //   8b7508               | mov                 esi, dword ptr [ebp + 8]
            //   57                   | push                edi
            //   752c                 | jne                 0x2e
            //   ff35????????         |                     
            //   8b1e                 | mov                 ebx, dword ptr [esi]
            //   8d4598               | lea                 eax, [ebp - 0x68]

    condition:
        7 of them and filesize < 23088128
}
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