SYMBOLCOMMON_NAMEaka. SYNONYMS
win.dharma (Back to overview)

Dharma

aka: Arena, Crysis, Wadhrama, ncov
VTCollection     URLhaus      

According to MalwareBytes, the Dharma Ransomware family is installed manually by attackers hacking into computers over Remote Desktop Protocol Services (RDP). The attackers will scan the Internet for computers running RDP, usually on TCP port 3389, and then attempt to brute force the password for the computer.

Once they gain access to the computer they will install the ransomware and let it encrypt the computer. If the attackers are able to encrypt other computers on the network, they will attempt to do so as well.

References
2024-11-20 ⋅ Trellix ⋅ Jambul Tologonov, John Fokker, Phuc Pham
Phobos: Stealthy Ransomware That Operated Under the Radar - Until Now
8Base CryptXXXX Dharma Phobos
2023-07-03 ⋅ AhnLab ⋅ ASEC
Crysis Threat Actor Installing Venus Ransomware Through RDP
Dharma
2023-04-18 ⋅ Mandiant ⋅ Mandiant
M-Trends 2023
QUIETEXIT AppleJeus Black Basta BlackCat CaddyWiper Cobalt Strike Dharma HermeticWiper Hive INDUSTROYER2 Ladon LockBit Meterpreter PartyTicket PlugX QakBot REvil Royal Ransom SystemBC WhisperGate
2023-02-15 ⋅ Google ⋅ Google Threat Analysis Group, Mandiant
Fog of War: How the Ukraine Conflict Transformed the Cyber Threat Landscape
CaddyWiper Dharma HermeticWiper INDUSTROYER2 PartyTicket WhisperGate Callisto Curious Gorge MUSTANG PANDA Turla
2022-04-01 ⋅ Bleeping Computer ⋅ Lawrence Abrams
The Week in Ransomware - April 1st 2022 - 'I can fight with a keyboard'
Hive Dharma LockBit STOP SunCrypt
2022-03-17 ⋅ Sophos ⋅ Tilly Travers
The Ransomware Threat Intelligence Center
ATOMSILO Avaddon AvosLocker BlackKingdom Ransomware BlackMatter Conti Cring DarkSide dearcry Dharma Egregor Entropy Epsilon Red Gandcrab Karma LockBit LockFile Mailto Maze Nefilim RagnarLocker Ragnarok REvil RobinHood Ryuk SamSam Snatch WannaCryptor WastedLocker
2021-10-29 ⋅ ⋅ Національна поліція України ⋅ Національна поліція України
Cyberpolice exposes transnational criminal group in causing $ 120 million in damage to foreign companies
Cobalt Strike Dharma LockerGoga MegaCortex TrickBot
2021-10-29 ⋅ Europol ⋅ Europol
12 targeted for involvement in ransomware attacks against critical infrastructure
Cobalt Strike Dharma LockerGoga MegaCortex TrickBot
2021-10-22 ⋅ HUNT & HACKETT ⋅ Krijn de Mik
Advanced IP Scanner: the preferred scanner in the A(P)T toolbox
Conti DarkSide Dharma Egregor Hades REvil Ryuk
2021-10-07 ⋅ Kaspersky ⋅ Fedor Sinitsyn, Yanis Zinchenko
Ransomware in the CIS
Cryakl Dharma Hakbit Phobos Void
2021-04-27 ⋅ CrowdStrike ⋅ Eben Kaplan, Josh Dalman, Kamil Janton
Ransomware Preparedness: A Call to Action
Dharma GlobeImposter Maze Phobos CIRCUS SPIDER TRAVELING SPIDER
2021-03-17 ⋅ Palo Alto Networks Unit 42 ⋅ Unit42
Ransomware Threat Report 2021
RansomEXX Dharma DoppelPaymer Gandcrab Mailto Maze Phobos RansomEXX REvil Ryuk WastedLocker
2021-03-01 ⋅ Acronis ⋅ Acronis Security
Threat analysis: Dharma (CrySiS) ransomware
Dharma
2021-02-02 ⋅ ⋅ CRONUP ⋅ Germán Fernández
De ataque con Malware a incidente de Ransomware
Avaddon BazarBackdoor Buer Clop Cobalt Strike Conti DanaBot Dharma Dridex Egregor Emotet Empire Downloader FriedEx GootKit IcedID MegaCortex Nemty Phorpiex PwndLocker PyXie QakBot RansomEXX REvil Ryuk SDBbot SmokeLoader TrickBot Zloader
2021-01-08 ⋅ Zscaler ⋅ Mohd Sadique, Pradeep Kulkarni
Ransomware Delivered Using RDP Brute-Force Attack
Dharma
2020-12-18 ⋅ Trend Micro ⋅ Junestherry Salvador, Matthew Camacho, Raphael Centeno
Negasteal Uses Hastebin for Fileless Delivery of Crysis Ransomware
Agent Tesla Dharma
2020-08-24 ⋅ Group-IB ⋅ Oleg Skulkin
Cybercriminal greeners from Iran attack companies worldwide for financial gain
Dharma
2020-08-12 ⋅ ⋅ CERT Santé ⋅ CERT Santé
Retour d’expérience suite à une attaque par rançongiciel contre une structure de santé
Dharma
2020-08-12 ⋅ SophosLabs Uncut ⋅ Sean Gallagher
Color by numbers: inside a Dharma ransomware-as-a-service attack
Dharma
2020-07-29 ⋅ ESET Research ⋅ welivesecurity
THREAT REPORT Q2 2020
DEFENSOR ID HiddenAd Bundlore Pirrit Agent.BTZ Cerber ClipBanker CROSSWALK Cryptowall CTB Locker DanaBot Dharma Formbook Gandcrab Grandoreiro Houdini ISFB LockBit Locky Mailto Maze Microcin Nemty NjRAT Phobos PlugX Pony REvil Socelars STOP Tinba TrickBot WannaCryptor
2020-07-10 ⋅ Vice ⋅ Joseph Cox
The Secret Service Tried to Catch a Hacker With a Malware Booby-Trap
Dharma
2020-06-16 ⋅ The DFIR Report ⋅ The DFIR Report
The Little Ransomware That Couldn’t (Dharma)
Dharma
2020-04-24 ⋅ Advanced Intelligence ⋅ Bridgit Sullivan
Inside "Phobos" Ransomware: "Dharma" Past & Underground
Dharma Phobos
2020-03-05 ⋅ Microsoft ⋅ Microsoft Threat Protection Intelligence Team
Human-operated ransomware attacks: A preventable disaster
Dharma DoppelPaymer Dridex EternalPetya Gandcrab Hermes LockerGoga MegaCortex MimiKatz REvil RobinHood Ryuk SamSam TrickBot WannaCryptor PARINACOTA
2020-03-04 ⋅ CrowdStrike ⋅ CrowdStrike
2020 CrowdStrike Global Threat Report
MESSAGETAP More_eggs 8.t Dropper Anchor BabyShark BadNews Clop Cobalt Strike CobInt Cobra Carbon System Cutwail DanaBot Dharma DoppelDridex DoppelPaymer Dridex Emotet FlawedAmmyy FriedEx Gandcrab Get2 IcedID ISFB KerrDown LightNeuron LockerGoga Maze MECHANICAL Necurs Nokki Outlook Backdoor Phobos Predator The Thief QakBot REvil RobinHood Ryuk SDBbot Skipper SmokeLoader TerraRecon TerraStealer TerraTV TinyLoader TrickBot Vidar Winnti ANTHROPOID SPIDER APT23 APT31 APT39 APT40 BlackTech BuhTrap Charming Kitten CLOCKWORK SPIDER DOPPEL SPIDER FIN7 Gamaredon Group GOBLIN PANDA MONTY SPIDER MUSTANG PANDA NARWHAL SPIDER NOCTURNAL SPIDER PINCHY SPIDER SALTY SPIDER SCULLY SPIDER SMOKY SPIDER Thrip VENOM SPIDER VICEROY TIGER
2020-02-25 ⋅ RSA Conference ⋅ Joel DeCapua
Feds Fighting Ransomware: How the FBI Investigates and How You Can Help
FastCash Cerber Defray Dharma FriedEx Gandcrab GlobeImposter Mamba Phobos Rapid Ransom REvil Ryuk SamSam Zeus
2020-01-29 ⋅ ANSSI ⋅ ANSSI
État de la menace rançongiciel
Clop Dharma FriedEx Gandcrab LockerGoga Maze MegaCortex REvil RobinHood Ryuk SamSam
2020-01-17 ⋅ Secureworks ⋅ Keita Yamazaki, Tamada Kiyotaka, You Nakatsuru
Is It Wrong to Try to Find APT Techniques in Ransomware Attack?
Defray Dharma FriedEx Gandcrab GlobeImposter Matrix Ransom MedusaLocker Phobos REvil Ryuk SamSam Scarab Ransomware
2019-11-11 ⋅ The Register ⋅ Gareth Corfield
If it sounds too good to be true, it most likely is: Nobody can decrypt the Dharma ransomware
Dharma
2019-05-08 ⋅ Trend Micro ⋅ Raphael Centeno
Dharma Ransomware Uses AV Tool to Distract from Malicious Activities
Dharma
2019-01-22 ⋅ Twitter (@JakubKroustek) ⋅ Jakub Křoustek
Frequently updated Twitter thread with many Dharma samples
Dharma
2018-12-02 ⋅ Check Point ⋅ Check Point Research
The Ransomware Doctor Without A Cure
Dharma
2018-09-11 ⋅ Sophos Naked Security ⋅ Mark Stockley
The Rise of Targeted Ransomware
Dharma FriedEx SamSam
2018-07-10 ⋅ Carbon Black ⋅ Jared Myers
Carbon Black TAU Threat Analysis: Recent Dharma Ransomware Highlights Attackers’ Continued Use of Open-Source Tools
Dharma
2017-12-11 ⋅ United States Department of Justice ⋅ United States Department of Justice
United States of America v. MIHAI ALEXANDRU ISVANCA and EVELINE CISMARU
Cerber Dharma
2017-08-25 ⋅ Bleeping Computer ⋅ Lawrence Abrams
New Arena Crysis Ransomware Variant Released
Dharma
2016-12-23 ⋅ United States District Court for the Western District of Washington ⋅ United States District Court for the Western District of Washington
United States v. lavandos@dr.com :: APPLICATION FOR A SEARCH WARRANT
Dharma
2016-06-07 ⋅ Sogeti ⋅ mirak, PAF
The Story of yet another ransom-fail-ware
Dharma
Yara Rules
[TLP:WHITE] win_dharma_auto (20260917 | Detects win.dharma.)
rule win_dharma_auto {

    meta:
        author = "Felix Bilstein - yara-signator at cocacoding dot com"
        date = "2026-09-17"
        version = "1"
        description = "Detects win.dharma."
        info = "autogenerated rule brought to you by yara-signator"
        tool = "yara-signator v0.6.0"
        signator_config = "callsandjumps;datarefs;binvalue"
        malpedia_reference = "https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/win.dharma"
        malpedia_rule_date = "20260916"
        malpedia_hash = "53a643781c18e08f4a50949af60172d837a0b6f6"
        malpedia_version = "20260917"
        malpedia_license = "CC BY-SA 4.0"
        malpedia_sharing = "TLP:WHITE"

    /* DISCLAIMER
     * The strings used in this rule have been automatically selected from the
     * disassembly of memory dumps and unpacked files, using YARA-Signator.
     * The code and documentation is published here:
     * https://github.com/fxb-cocacoding/yara-signator
     * As Malpedia is used as data source, please note that for a given
     * number of families, only single samples are documented.
     * This likely impacts the degree of generalization these rules will offer.
     * Take the described generation method also into consideration when you
     * apply the rules in your use cases and assign them confidence levels.
     */


    strings:
        $sequence_0 = { 68???????? e8???????? 83c410 8945e8 8b45e8 50 e8???????? }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   68????????           |                     
            //   e8????????           |                     
            //   83c410               | add                 esp, 0x10
            //   8945e8               | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 0x18], eax
            //   8b45e8               | mov                 eax, dword ptr [ebp - 0x18]
            //   50                   | push                eax
            //   e8????????           |                     

        $sequence_1 = { 880a 8b55f4 83c201 8955f4 837d1000 744a 8b45fc }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   880a                 | mov                 byte ptr [edx], cl
            //   8b55f4               | mov                 edx, dword ptr [ebp - 0xc]
            //   83c201               | add                 edx, 1
            //   8955f4               | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 0xc], edx
            //   837d1000             | cmp                 dword ptr [ebp + 0x10], 0
            //   744a                 | je                  0x4c
            //   8b45fc               | mov                 eax, dword ptr [ebp - 4]

        $sequence_2 = { 6a02 6880000000 68???????? 68???????? e8???????? 83c410 8945dc }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   6a02                 | push                2
            //   6880000000           | push                0x80
            //   68????????           |                     
            //   68????????           |                     
            //   e8????????           |                     
            //   83c410               | add                 esp, 0x10
            //   8945dc               | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 0x24], eax

        $sequence_3 = { 51 e8???????? 85c0 0f8477010000 837de400 }
            // n = 5, score = 100
            //   51                   | push                ecx
            //   e8????????           |                     
            //   85c0                 | test                eax, eax
            //   0f8477010000         | je                  0x17d
            //   837de400             | cmp                 dword ptr [ebp - 0x1c], 0

        $sequence_4 = { c1e002 50 6a00 8b4dec 8b510c 52 e8???????? }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   c1e002               | shl                 eax, 2
            //   50                   | push                eax
            //   6a00                 | push                0
            //   8b4dec               | mov                 ecx, dword ptr [ebp - 0x14]
            //   8b510c               | mov                 edx, dword ptr [ecx + 0xc]
            //   52                   | push                edx
            //   e8????????           |                     

        $sequence_5 = { 0fb645f9 8b4de4 8a55ef 881401 0fb645fa }
            // n = 5, score = 100
            //   0fb645f9             | movzx               eax, byte ptr [ebp - 7]
            //   8b4de4               | mov                 ecx, dword ptr [ebp - 0x1c]
            //   8a55ef               | mov                 dl, byte ptr [ebp - 0x11]
            //   881401               | mov                 byte ptr [ecx + eax], dl
            //   0fb645fa             | movzx               eax, byte ptr [ebp - 6]

        $sequence_6 = { e9???????? 8b5508 8a45fd 8802 8b4d08 }
            // n = 5, score = 100
            //   e9????????           |                     
            //   8b5508               | mov                 edx, dword ptr [ebp + 8]
            //   8a45fd               | mov                 al, byte ptr [ebp - 3]
            //   8802                 | mov                 byte ptr [edx], al
            //   8b4d08               | mov                 ecx, dword ptr [ebp + 8]

        $sequence_7 = { 8b4508 8b4dfc 894804 8b5508 8b45f8 8902 8be5 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   8b4508               | mov                 eax, dword ptr [ebp + 8]
            //   8b4dfc               | mov                 ecx, dword ptr [ebp - 4]
            //   894804               | mov                 dword ptr [eax + 4], ecx
            //   8b5508               | mov                 edx, dword ptr [ebp + 8]
            //   8b45f8               | mov                 eax, dword ptr [ebp - 8]
            //   8902                 | mov                 dword ptr [edx], eax
            //   8be5                 | mov                 esp, ebp

        $sequence_8 = { 8b4da8 51 e8???????? 83c40c 8b55a8 52 }
            // n = 6, score = 100
            //   8b4da8               | mov                 ecx, dword ptr [ebp - 0x58]
            //   51                   | push                ecx
            //   e8????????           |                     
            //   83c40c               | add                 esp, 0xc
            //   8b55a8               | mov                 edx, dword ptr [ebp - 0x58]
            //   52                   | push                edx

        $sequence_9 = { 894de0 8b55f0 52 68???????? 8b45f4 50 6a03 }
            // n = 7, score = 100
            //   894de0               | mov                 dword ptr [ebp - 0x20], ecx
            //   8b55f0               | mov                 edx, dword ptr [ebp - 0x10]
            //   52                   | push                edx
            //   68????????           |                     
            //   8b45f4               | mov                 eax, dword ptr [ebp - 0xc]
            //   50                   | push                eax
            //   6a03                 | push                3

    condition:
        7 of them and filesize < 204800
}
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